Codex Selden

Introduction

The Codex Selden is approximately 5.5 meters in length, and is folded into twenty ‘pages’ approximately 27.5 by 27.5 cm. It was probably created around 1560. As it is currently preserved, only one side of the codex is painted with narratives. These images record a single dynastic history: the lineage and adventures of the kings and queens of Jaltepec (Añute in Mixtec). This history covers over 500 years, beginning before AD 1000 and ending in AD 1556. The Codex Selden is currently in the Bodleian Library in Oxford. For more information, see the Introduction to the Codex Selden Ã’udzavui tutorial.

1560

Ñudzavui

550 cm x 27.5 cm

minus plus
buttom
  • [1.1] From the starry Skyband descend Lord 1 Motion "Jawbone Mask" and Lord 1 Death "Sun." Both hold a shield and a spear thrower.
  • [1.2] Below them, a spear has pierced the summit of Hill of Pectorals and Jade?, Place of White Powder.
  • [1.3] Year 4(5?) Reed, Day 2 House is the sacred date.
  • [1.4] From the summit of the split hill emerges a red umbilical cord: Lord 11 Water "Smoking Ballcourt" is born.  He marries Lady 7 Eagle "Jeweled Place–Head" at Place of the Cave of the Human Head.
  • [1.5] Their daughter, Lady 10 Eagle "Earth Monster–Red and White Strips," marries
  • [1.6] Lord 4 Eagle "White Ballcourt."
  • [1.7] His footprints follow him, leading back to his parents:
  • [1.8] Lord 10 House "Alligator–Jaguar" and Lady 1 Grass "Jaguar," rulers of the River of the Serpent (Yute Coo).
  • [1.9] A daughter is born to Lady 10 Eagle and Lord 4 Eagle: Lady 8 Rabbit "Sun Headdress."
  • [1.10] [Now the story of Lady 8 Rabbit’s future husband is told] At the foaming River of the Bird, of the Bundled Reeds/Tortillas, of the Axe, beside the strings of jade beads, are seated Lord 10 Lizard "Old Man" and Lord "Earth Monster Mask." Both wear tobacco gourds on their backs; both pour powdered offerings from their hands.
  • [1.11] Then, at the River of the Plucked Feathers (Apoala) Lord 10 Flint "Earth Monster Mask" presents a Lizard–faced stone; Lord 10 Lizard "Old Man" presents a Rain–faced stone; to the rulers of Apoala: Lord "Rain Face, Descended from the Skyband" and Lady 9 Alligator "Rain Face, Quetzal–Spiderweb." Her words spiral out to Lord 10 Lizard’s offering.
  • [2.12] [This meeting is followed by the birth of Lord 2 Grass:] Within the River of the Alligator Head and the Jaguar Head is a Jeweled Stone, a Jaguar–faced Stone, and a Stone of Flames. Beside the River of the Alligator Head and the Jaguar Head is seated Lord 10 Lizard "Old Man." He makes a powdered offering to a red and white bundle, a green grass knot, and a Rain–faced stone. Across the river, on the other bank, is seated Lord 10 Flint "Earth Monster Mask." He makes a powdered offering to a red and white bundle, a green grass knot, and a Rain–faced stone. Within the River of the Alligator Head and the Jaguar Head, from the Place of Flames (Achiutla), emerges a great Tree, entwined by the coils of the Cloud Serpent and the Star Serpent. From a cleft in its Trunk is born Lord 2 Grass "Serpent Skull Headdress." Year 10 Reed is the sacred date. Lord 2 Grass is born beneath starry Skybands and a bowl of gold, a gold pectoral, and a jewel.
  • [2.13] To the side are an eagle in a golden bowl,
  • [2.14] a yawi in a golden bowl, and
  • [2.15] a hand reaching for a flint blade.
  • [2.16] Other lords are also born at this time: Lord 1 Eagle "Watery Hair,"
  • [2.17] Lord 3 Water "Maguey,"
  • [2.18] Lord 5 Motion "Eagle,"
  • [2.19] Lord 5 Deer "Turkey,"
  • [2.20] Lord 5 Lizard "Rain Face," and
  • [2.21] Lord 5 Eagle "Rain Face."
  • [2.22] Year 10 Reed, Day 4 Deer is the sacred date. At Smoking Temple of the Spiderweb, within the Enclosure of White Powder and the Spiral of Blood, are married Lord 2 Grass "Serpent Skull Headdress" and Lady 8 Rabbit "Sun Headdress." Her footprints follow her, leading back to her parents:
  • [2.23] Lord 4 Eagle "White Ballcourt" and Lady 10 Eagle "Earth Monster–Red and White Strips," rulers of Place of the Cave of the Human Head.
  • [3.24] A son is born to Lord 2 Grass and Lady 8 Rabbit: Lord 10 Reed "Fiery Eagle."
  • [3.25] Year 2 Flint, Day 3 Rain is the sacred date.
  • [3.26] Within the temple enclosure Lord 10 Lizard "Old Man," wearing a tobacco gourd,
  • [3.27] ties the Sacred Bundle of the Woman’s Head.
  • [3.28] The Sacred Bundle of the Eye (one of the twenty bundles created at this time)
  • [3.29] is tied by Lord 3 Flower "Old Man," wearing a tobacco gourd.
  • [3.30] Also within the temple enclosure are a Sacred Bundle of the Rain, a sacred bundle with a maizestalk and strips of jaguar skin, a stack of brown reeds/tortillas?, a stack of green logs?, a maize serpent, and a flaming bowl of coals, like a red maize cob.
  • [3.31] To these, Lord 10 Flint "Earth Monster Mask" makes a powdered offering.
  • [3.32] Lord 10 Reed "Fiery Eagle" watches all, seated before the Temple of the Alligator Mask at Foot of the Temple Platform (Sachio?).
  • [3.33] Year 5 Reed, Day 6 Death is the sacred date.
  • [3.34] Within the temple enclosure Lord 10 Reed "Fiery Eagle" gestures and speaks to a series of offerings:
  • [3.35] an axe of copper, an axe of flint, a folded shining cord, a looped cord, a bowl filled with blood,  a bowl containing a heart, a red disk, a white disk, a black pouch, a bowl of white powder, a lizard–headed pouch filled with feathers, a feathered head, a feathered arm, a black eagle’s head, a white eagle’s head,
  • [3.36] a mountain lion in a cage,
  • [3.37] a jaguar in a cage,
  • [3.38] a grey eagle in a cage,
  • [3.39] a white eagle in a cage, and
  • [3.40] a bloody Ñuhu Spear, a Shield, and a Sacred Bundle. [Lord 10 Reed "Fiery Eagle" then takes these offerings on a journey. The places he visits are:]
  • [3.41] Hill of the [Cave of the?] Human Head, ruled by Lord 9 Rain "Blood Drinking Jaguar."
  • [3.42] Place of the Grey Disk [Copal?], ruled by Lord 8 Dog "Alligator–He Who Holds Up the Skyband."
  • [3.43] Hill of the Dancing Man (Zahuatlan), ruled by Lord 4 Grass "Blood Drinking Eagle."
  • [4.44] The Foot of The Temple Platform (Sachío), ruled by Lord 2 Rabbit, "Grey Eagle, Born from an Alligator."
  • [4.45] Hill of the Place of the Red (Century?) Plant, ruled by Lord 10 Grass "Stone Shield."
  • [4.46] Hill of the Place of the Arrow (Andúa), ruled by Lord 10 Vulture "Golden Eagle."
  • [4.47] Place of the Man Who Points to the Sky, ruled by Lord 5 Serpent and Lord 4 House.
  • [4.48] Hill of the White Alligator Skin?, ruled by Lord 10 Reed and Lord 1 Vulture.
  • [4.49] Place of the Earth Monster, ruled by Lord 7 Jaguar and Lord 5 Rain.
  • [4.50] Hill of the Place of the Seated Priest, ruled by Lord 10 Motion "Flinted Eagle."
  • [4.51] Place of the Hill of the Jaguar Skin Collar, ruled by
  • [4.52] Lord 10 Dog and Lord 10 Monkey.
  • [4.53] Place of the Deer, Hill of the Axe, Ruled by Lord 2 Wind "Jaguar."
  • [4.54] Bent Town (Teozacoalco).
  • [4.55] And Hill of the Place (Mouth) of the Wings.
  • [4.56] In the Year 8 Flint, on the Day 9 House,
  • [4.57] at Hill of Grass, Place of the Half–Bow, Lord 10 Reed "Fiery Eagle"  is seated.
  • [4.58] At Hill of the Wings Lord 10 Reed "Fiery Eagle" gestures
  • [4.59] to two golden rectangles and a green mound.
  • [4.60] Year 9 House, Day 7 Eagle is the sacred date.
  • [4.61] Within the temple enclosure Lord 10 Reed [Fiery Eagle], wearing a tobacco gourd on his back, wearing a speckled xicolli, offers incense
  • [4.62] before the Sacred Bundle of the Temple of Hill of the Place of Sand, City of Clouds (Jaltepec).
  • [5.63] [The founding of the First Dynasty of Jaltepec] Lord 10 Reed "Fiery Eagle" marries
  • [5.64] Lady 2 Lizard "Red and White Band at the Foot of Venus"
  • [5.65] in the Year 12 Flint, on the Day 7 Deer. The bride's footprints follow her, leading to her parents:
  • [5.66] Lord 5 Flower "Warband Ballcourt" and Lady 5 Flower "Mouth–Jewel–Hand with Rod," rulers of Hill of the Flowering Tree.
  • [5.67] Lord 10 Reed and Lady 2 Lizard have a son: Lord 3 Rain "Ballcourt with Lines." Wearing a fasting cord around his body, he offers incense within the temple enclosure,
  • [5.68] before the Sacred Bundle of the Temple
  • [5.69] of Hill of the Place of Sand, City of Clouds (Jaltepec).
  • [5.70] Lord 3 Rain "Ballcourt with Lines" marries
  • [5.71] Lady 7 Death "Fiery Feather Fan." Before them is a knot, a bundle of feathers, and a red xicolli.
  • [5.72] The bride’s footprints lead back to her parents: Lord 1 Serpent "Clearly Seen Ballcourt" and Lady  8 Flint "Motion," rulers of  Grey Hill of the Water Spiral. [Here ends the First Dynasty of Jaltepec.   No heir of Lord 3 Rain and Lady 7 Death inherits the kingdom].
  • [5.73] [The founding of the Second Dynasty of Jaltepec] From the Temple Platform of the Flowering Tree (Suchixtlan), Lady 10 Deer "Jaguar Quechquemitl" and Lord 8 Wind "Twenty Red Eagles"
  • [5.74] send their daughter, Lady 9 Wind "Flint Quechquemitl" to make offerings within the temple enclosure before the Sacred Bundle of the Temple of Hill of the Place of Sand, City of Clouds (Jaltepec).
  • [5.75] Lady 9 Wind "Flint Quechquemitl-Jeweled Skull" marries
  • [5.76] her nephew, Lord 10 Eagle "Stone Jaguar"
  • [5.77] in the Year 3 House, on the Day 10 Deer.
  • [5.78] The groom's footprints lead back to his parents: Lord 10 Flower "Burned Face" and Lady 2 Serpent "Feathered Serpent" [sister to Lady 9 Wind "Flint Quechquemitl"]. They are rulers of Black Town (Tilantongo).
  • [5.79] Three sons are born to Lady 9 Wind and Lord 10 Eagle: Lord 1 Reed "Clearly Seen Ballcourt,"
  • [6.80] Lord 12 Water "Plumed Eagle," and
  • [6.81] Lord 3 Rain "Rain–Faced, Breath of Copal." All wear the face paint of the captive; all hold banners of surrender; all wear the headdress of sacrifice.
  • [6.82] In the Year 9 House,  on the Day 8 Vulture,
  • [6.83] with burial mask, plumed staff, shield, and spear,
  • [6.84] [these sons are buried] at Temple of the Skull (Chalcatongo). A fourth child is born to Lady 9 Wind and Lord 10 Eagle: Lady 6 Monkey "Serpent Quechquemitl." She is instructed by
  • [6.85] Lord 10 Lizard "Old Man-Axe-Jewel."
  • [6.86] In the Year 4 House, on the Day 4 Wind,
  • [6.87] before the Hill of the Place of Sand, City of Clouds (Jaltepec) [a battle is fought]. Lord 10 Eagle "Stone Jaguar" holds the hair of his captive, Lord 3 Lizard "Jeweled Hair." [Lord 3 Lizard was fighting as a champion for another lord,]
  • [6.88] Lord 3 Lizard's footprints follow him from his patron, Lord 2 Rain "Twenty Jaguars," who makes offerings before Cave of the Pool, Place of the Ñuhu and the Jeweled Heart.
  • [6.89] On the advice of Lord 10 Lizard "Old Man-Plumed Eagle-Jeweled Axe-Flaming Obsidian Mirror"
  • [6.90] Lady 6 Monkey "Serpent Quechquemitl" meets with
  • [6.91] the ñuhu Lord 6 Vulture "Digging Stick of Bone." The ñuhu speaks to the princess.
  • [6.92] Lady 6 Monkey then goes on a journey; She dives into the scaly back of the earth.
  • [6.93] In the Year 5 Reed, on the Day 6 Serpent,
  • [6.94] Lady 6 Monkey travels through the earth
  • [6.95] and arrives at Temple of the Skull (Chalcatongo).
  • [6.96] Before the Temple is seated Lady 9 Grass "Blood-Star Path Quechquemitl," who speaks
  • [6.97] to Lord 10 Wind "Bloody Jaguar" and
  • [6.98] to Lady 6 Monkey "Serpent Quechquemitl." The pair are consulting Lady 9 Grass on their future marriage.
  • [6.99] Offerings are presented: a jeweled head, a jeweled maize cob, a necklace, a jeweled insect, a cut shell, a golden necklace,
  • [7.100] a golden necklace, a red chili, a hand grasping a broken chequered baton, a white bone serpent, and a star path quechquemitl, rounded cape, and skirt.
  • [7.101] In the Year 10 Reed, Day 10 Wind,
  • [7.102] a circling dance is held around a drummer: three elders, god, bride, groom, and goddess hold flowers.
  • [7.103] In the River of Maize?, Lord 11 Wind "Bloody Jaguar" and Lady 6 Monkey are bathed and are married
  • [7.104] in the Year 12 House, on the Day 7 Flower.
  • [7.105] Gifts are given: a red and white garment with a shell, two  red and white bands, two black and white speckled textiles,
  • [7.106] two red xicollis, and two bundles of quetzal plumes.
  • [7.107] Before the Hill of the Place of Sand, City of Clouds (Jaltepec),
  • [7.108] Lord 10 Lizard "Old Man-Jeweled Axe-Plumed Eagle-Burning Obsidian Mirror-Spear" holds two jewels and a pectoral; he addresses
  • [7.109] Lord 2 Flower "Yawi Eye"
  • [7.110] and Lord 3 Alligator "Jeweled Bird."
  • [7.111] In the Year 13 Rabbit, on the Day 9 Serpent,
  • [7.112] Lord 2 Flower "Yawi Eye" sets out on a journey, holding a Sun-Flint Staff in his hand, bearing Lady 6 Monkey on his back.
  • [7.113] Lord 3 Alligator "Jeweled Bird" travels with Lord 2 Flower, holding a Jewel Staff in his hand, holding a plant bundle at his side.
  • [7.114] At the Hill of the Moon (Yucu Yoo), Lord 6 Lizard "Hair–Bent Hill" insults these travelers with flinted words.
  • [7.115] At the Hill of the Insect (Tiyuqu), Lord 2 Alligator "Hair–Carrying Rack" insults the travelers with flinted words.
  • [7.116] [As a result of these insults,] Lady 6 Monkey "Serpent Quechquemitl" meets with
  • [7.117] Lady 9 Grass "Star Path Quechquemitl"
  • [7.118] who sits before the Temple of the Skull (Chalcatongo).
  • [7.119] Between the two women are placed a shield and bloody spear, a fire drill base, and a white warband volute.
  • [7.120] Near the Temple of the Skull a warrior awaits with shield and spear at "Place of the Skull;"
  • [7.121] a warrior awaits with shield and spear at "Hill of the Deer."
  • [8.122] [A battle is fought]. Lady 6 Monkey  "Serpent Quechquemitl" holds spear and shield and the hair of her captive,
  • [8.123] Lord 6 Lizard "Hair–Bent Hill."
  • [8.124] Lord 2 Alligator is seated behind him, hand to his brow. Both lords wear the face paint of the captive; both lords wear the headdress of sacrifice.
  • [8.125] Their kingdoms, Hill of the Moon and the Insect, are burning in conquest.
  • [8.126] In the Year 13 Rabbit, on the Days 3 Grass and 4 Reed,
  • [8.127] Lord 2 Alligator "Hair–Carrying Rack" is sacrificed in the enclosure before the Temple of Hill of the Place of Sand, City of Clouds (Jaltepec).
  • [8.128] Lord 2 Flower "Yawi Eye" holding a Sun-Jewel Staff in his hand, bearing Lady 6 Monkey on his back, and
  • [8.129] Lord 3 Alligator "Jeweled Bird" holding a Flint Staff in his hand, holding a plant bundle at his side,
  • [8.130] bring Lord 6 Lizard "Hair-Bent Hill"  
  • [8.131] to be sacrificed before the Flint Staff, the Shield, and
  • [8.132] the Sacred Bundle of Temple of the Hill of Blood, Place of the Red and White Bundle (Hua Chino?)
  • [8.133] [Due to her victory, Lady 6 Monkey  receives a new name:] Within the temple enclosure, Lord 2 Flower "Yawi Eye" speaking, holding a bundle of plants and a warband
  • [8.134] confers on Lady 6 Monkey  "Serpent Quechquemitl" a second nickname:  "Warband Quechquemitl."
  • [8.135] In the Year 13 Rabbit, on the Day 6 Eagle,
  • [8.136] Lady 6 Monkey "Warband Quechquemitl, Serpent Quechquemitl" marries Lord 11 Wind "Bloody Jaguar" at Place of the Red and White Bundle (Hua Chino?)
  • [8.137] Their first son is born in the Year 2 Flint, on the Day 4 Wind; he is Lord 4 Wind "Yawi."
  • [8.138] A second son is born in the Year 5 Reed, Day 1 Alligator: he is Lord 1 Alligator "Eagle-Ballcourt."
  • [8.139] The first son, Lord 4 Wind "Yawi" marries Lady 10 Flower "Spiderweb-Ñuhu" at the Place of Flints.
  • [9.140] The bride's footprints lead back to her parents: Lord 8 Deer "Jaguar" and Lady 13 Serpent "Flowered Serpent," rulers of Black Town (Tilantongo).
  • [9.141] In the Year 12 Rabbit, on the Day 6 Dog,
  • [9.142] Lord 1 Alligator ["Eagle Ballcourt"], wearing a fasting cord, body blackened as a priest, holds an incense burner and offers tobacco
  • [9.143] to the Sacred Bundle of the Temple of Hill of the Place Sand, City of Clouds (Jaltepec).
  • [9.144] Lord 1 Alligator "Eagle-Ballcourt"
  • [9.145] in the Year 6 Rabbit, on the Day 5 Deer, marries two women.
  • [9.146] His first bride is Lady 6 Wind "Jeweled Hair-Fan."
  • [9.147] Her footprints follow her from her parents: Lord 8 Deer and Lady 13 Serpent, Rulers of Tilantongo. His second wife is Lady 6 Flint "Yawi Tail-Jewel."
  • [9.148] From these marriages, three children are born: the first child is Lord 5 Lizard "Bloody Jewel."
  • [9.149] The second child, Lady 12 Alligator, marries Lord 6 Rain at the Hill of the Place of Sand (Jaltepec?).
  • [9.150] The third child, Lady 6 Rabbit, marries Lord 3 Wind at the Temple of Place of the Earth Monster.
  • [9.151] The first child, Lord 5 Lizard "Bloody Jewel" marries
  • [9.152] Lady 4 Rain "Heart-Crossed Strips."
  • [9.153] Her footprints lead back to her mother: Lady 8 Rabbit, ruler of Earth Monster Sweatbath-Red and White Streams.
  • [9.154] Lord 5 Lizard and Lady 4 Rain have three children. The first child, Lord 3 Reed "Flowering Tree," marries
  • [9.155] Lady 9 Rain "Bone-Quetzal Plumes."
  • [9.156] Her footprints follow her from her homeland, Temple in the Valley.
  • [9.157] The second child is Lord 1 Rain "Eagle-Skyband."
  • [9.158] The third child, Lady 3 Flint "Smoking Jewel," travels to marry Lord 8 Rain "Warband Eagle" at Grey Hill of the Water Spiral.
  • [10.159] The second child of Lord 5 Lizard and Lady 4 Rain, Lord 1 Rain "Eagle-Skyband" weds  
  • [10.160] Lady 2 Alligator "Smoking Spiderweb."
  • [10.161] Her footprints follow her, leading to her parents: Lord 6 House "Flint Necklace" seated at River of the Water Lily, and
  • [10.162] Lady 7 Grass "Jewel-Ñuhu" seated at Plain of Crossed Legs.
  • [10.163] Lord 1 Rain and Lady 2 Alligator have four sons. The first, Lord 5 Flower "Eagle-Skyband" marries
  • [10.164] Lady 10 Water "Red Face."
  • [10.165] Her footprints follow her from her homeland, Hill of the Flowering Tree.
  • [10.166] The second son of Lord 1 Rain and Lady 2 Alligator, Lord 12 Grass "White Jaguar," marries
  • [10.167] Lady 1 Flower "Quetzal."
  • [10.168] Her footprints follow her from her parents: Lord 3 Wind "Eye-Jaguar" and Lady 1 Serpent "Jewel-Quetzal," rulers of Place of the Hill of the Jaguar Skin Collar.
  • [10.169] The third son of Lord 1 Rain and Lady 2 Alligator, Lord 12 Water "Eagle Hands" marries two women.
  • [10.170] His first wife is Lady 11 Flower "Jewel-Quetzal."
  • [10.171] His second wife is Lady 2 Reed "Jeweled Fan." Lady 11 Flower's footprints follow her from her homeland,
  • [10.172] Temple of the Cleft.
  • [10.173] The fourth son of Lord 1 Rain and Lady 2 Alligator, Lord 10 Death "Coyote-Skyband," marries
  • [10.174] Lady 4 Motion "Jeweled Skyband." Her footprints follow her from her homeland,
  • [10.175] Stone with Eye, Place of Beans.
  • [10.176] From these marriages, two children are born: Lord 6 Reed "Jaguar-Born from the Sun" and
  • [10.177] Lady 12 Lizard "Jewel-Quetzal Plumes."
  • [10.178] She travels to be married to Lord 4 Flint "Smoking Jaguar" at Grey Hill of the Water Spiral.
  • [10.179] Her brother, Lord 6 Reed "Jaguar-Born from the Sun," marries
  • [10.180] Lady 5 Motion "Striped Ornament-Grey Powder."
  • [11.181] Her footprints follow her from her homeland, Smoking Temple.
  • [11.182] Two sons are born to Lady 5 Motion and Lord 6 Reed: The first, Lord 11 Flint "Eagle-Torch-Jawbone Mask" marries Lady 3 Jaguar "Jaguar Spiderweb" at the Hill of the Deer.
  • [11.183] The bride's footprints follow her from her home, Temple
  • [11.184] near the Hill of the Twisted Serpents, Place of Sand.
  • [11.185] The second son of Lady 5 Motion and Lord 6 Reed, Lord 13 Wind "Warband Ballcourt," marries
  • [11.186] Lady 12 Rain "Butterfly Head-Quetzal Plumes-Blood." Her footprints follow her from her parents:
  • [11.187] Lord 5 Dog "Jaguar Emerging from the Earth" and Lady 7 Motion "Jeweled Spiderweb," rulers of the Hill that Danced (Zahuatlan).
  • [11.188] Two children are born to Lord 13 Wind and Lady 12 Rain: Lord 9 Lizard "Eye Stripe-Flaming Eye"
  • [11.189]  (see his future ally, Lord 9 House "Eye Torch") and
  • [11.190] Lady 9 Motion "Spindle-Hummingbird." She marries
  • [11.191] Lord 7 Lizard "Warband Enclosure at the Foot of the Flint"
  • [11.192] at Hill of the Loincloth.
  • [11.193] Lord 9 House, ally of Lord 9 Lizard, wearing priestly body paint and a tobacco gourd, makes a powdered offering before a red and white bundle at the Cave of the Quail, River of the Hand.
  • [11.194] In the River of the Twisted Serpents, four creatures look to the sky: an eagle, a yawi, brandishing a flint, a mountain lion, and a jaguar.
  • [11.195] Before the Hill of the Spears
  • [11.196] are placed a Shield, a Ñuhu Spear, and a Sacred Bundle
  • [11.197] in the Year 7 Flint, Day 12 Death.
  • [12.198] Lord 9 Lizard, with shield and spear, takes as his captive
  • [12.199] Lord "Maize Hair."
  • [12.200] Lord 9 House, with shield and spear, takes as his captive Lord [13 Deer] "White Labret" at the Hill of the Valley.
  • [12.201] Lord 9 House, wearing a tobacco gourd, sacrifices his captive Lord 13 Deer "White Labret," upon a stone altar.
  • [12.202] In the sky above, an eagle grasps a bloody heart.
  • [12.203] In the sky above, a yawi grasps a bloody heart.
  • [12.204] The sun god drinks the blood of sacrifice.
  • [12.205] Ñuhu Spear, Shield, and Bundle are placed within the Temple
  • [12.206] of Hill of the Place of Sand, City of Clouds (Jaltepec).
  • [12.207] Lord 9 Lizard "Stripe Eye-Fiery Eye" marries
  • [12.208] Lady 12 Deer "Warband Quechquemitl." Her footprints follow her from her parents:
  • [12.209] Lord 13 Serpent "Jaguar-He Who Ties" and Lady 2 House rulers of the Temple of the Eagle.
  • [12.210] Three sons are born Lord 9 Lizard and Lady 2 House: Lord 7 House "Eagle-Sun,"
  • [12.211] Lord 3 Alligator "Jaguar-Sun," and
  • [12.212] Lord 2 Jaguar "Jaguar-Smoking Earth Monster."
  • [12.213] Lord 7 House "Eagle-Sun" marries Lady 12 Lizard "Jeweled Spiderweb" at Place of the Chayote.
  • [12.214] In the Year 9 Flint, on the Day 7 Rabbit,
  • [12.215] upon the Hill of the Axes, the Mound of Ash, and the Bow, the mortuary bundles of two of those brothers are displayed: Lord 3 Alligator "Jaguar-Sun," and Lord 7 House "Eagle-Sun."
  • [13.216] [Their deaths were caused by?] Lord 6 Water "Colored Strips," who holds a club
  • [13.217] at Plain of the Carrying Rack (Cuilapan?).
  • [13.218] In the Year 5 Flint, on the Day 11 Eagle,
  • [13.219] Lord 9 Lizard, holding shield and spear, captures
  • [13.220] Lord 1 Grass "Stone Ñuhu," who brandishes a club.
  • [13.221] Lord 4 Alligator, too, surrenders. He holds a white banner; he wears the face paint of the captive.
  • [13.222] Hill of Blood-Jaguar Paw is conquered.
  • [13.223] In the Year 7 Reed, on the Day 1 House,
  • [13.224] Lord 9 House, holding shield and spear, conquers Hill that Danced (Zahuatlan).
  • [13.225] Before the temple, Lady 12 Deer "Warband Quechquemitl" and
  • [13.226] Lord 9 Lizard "Stripe Eye-Flaming Eye" are seated as rulers.
  • [13.227] The date is Year 9 Flint,  Day 9 House. Footprints are made [?].
  • [13.228] The only surviving son of Lord 9 Lizard and Lady 12 Deer, Lord 2 Jaguar "Smoking Earth Monster," marries
  • [13.229] Lady 1 Serpent "Sun Headdress." Her footprints follow her from her parents:
  • [13.230] Lord 9 House "Jaguar-Torch with Eye" seated at Place of Flowers, and
  • [13.231] Lady 3 Rabbit "Ñuhu-Spiderweb" seated at Black Town (Tilantongo).
  • [13.232] Two children are born to Lord 2 Jaguar and Lady 1 Serpent: Lord 6 Water "Clearly Seen Jaguar," and
  • [13.233] Lady 8 Flower "Ñuhu emerging from a Jewel." She  travels to marry Lord 6 House "Insect-Words of War" at Stone of the Eagle-Temple of the Beans (Etlatongo).
  • [13.234] Lord 6 Water "Clearly Seen Jaguar"  marries
  • [13.235] Lady 8 Rain "Clearly Seen Fan." Her footprints follow her, leading back to her parents:
  • [14.236] Lord 11 Wind "Jaguar-Torch" and Lady 4 Grass "Red and White Enclosure-Flowers," rulers of the Clearly Seen Temple (Tlaxiaco).
  • [14.237] Lord 6 Water and Lady 8 Rain have five children. The first son of Lord 6 Water and Lady 8 Rain, Lord 10 Monkey "Rain Face-Celestial Rain, " is born in the Year 2 Reed, on the Day 10 Monkey. His sister,
  • [14.238] Lady 13 Wind "Hands that Open the Hill of Maize," marries Lord 6 Deer "Grey (Copal?) Disk" at Black Town (Tilantongo).
  • [14.239] The second daughter of Lord 6 Water and Lady 8 Rain, Lady 11 Rain "Jeweled Hair-Smoking Spiderweb," marries
  • [14.240] Lord 8 Eagle "Rain-Skyband-Sun"
  • [14.241] at Grey Hill of the Water Spiral.
  • [14.242] The third daughter of Lady 13 Wind and Lord 6 Deer is Lady 9 Wind "Ñuhu emerging from a Jewel." She travels to marry Lord 6 Alligator "Yawi" at Temple of the Skull-Bird (Chalcatongo).
  • [14.243] The fourth daughter born to Lord 6 Water and Lady 8 Rain is Lady 3 Flint "Heart-Jewel."  She does not marry.
  • [14.244] In the Year 10 Reed, on the Day 1 Reed,
  • [14.245] Lord 10 Monkey ["Celestial Rain"] "Axe-Pouch" wearing priestly body paint, dressed in a spotted xicolli, burns incense and offers tobacco
  • [14.246] before the Sacred Bundle of the Temple
  • [14.247] of Hill of the Place of Sand, City of Clouds (Jaltepec).
  • [14.248] Lord 10 Monkey "Celestial Rain" marries
  • [14.249] Lady 5 Water "Ñuhu Emerging from a Jewel"
  • [14.250] in the Year 13 Rabbit, Day 7 Water. The bride’s footprints follow her from her parents:
  • [14.251] Lord 4 Deer "Jaguar-Eye-Torch" and Lady 10 Water "Ñuhu Emerging from a Plain," rulers of Plain of Crossed Legs-Quadripartite Disk.
  • [15.252] Lord 10 Monkey and Lady 5 Water have three children. In the Year 2 Reed, on the Day 3 Death, Lord 10 Monkey and Lady 5 Water have a son, Lord 3 Death "Grey Eagle."
  • [15.253] His first sister, Lady 4 House "Quetzal Cape," travels to marry Lord 3 Wind "Blood Drinking Eagle" at Hill of the Upright Shell (Tequixtepec del Rey).
  • [15.254] The third child of Lord 10 Monkey and Lady 5 Water, Lady 5 House "Sun Headdress," travels to marry Lord 9 Jaguar "Jaguar-Sun" at Hill of the Comal (Comaltepec).
  • [15.255] Then the mother of these three children, Lady 5 Water "Ñuhu Emerging from a Jewel,"
  • [15.256] is remarried to Lord 2 Death.
  • [15.257] His footprints follow him from his parents: Lord 6 Lizard and Lady 4 Wind, rulers of the Temple of the Place of the Earth Monster.
  • [15.258] Lord 2 Death and Lady 5 Water have a child: Lady 5 House "Ñuhu emerging from a Jewel." She marries Lord 9 Jaguar "Warband Torch" at Valley of the Place of the Digging Stick.
  • [15.259] The first son of Lord 11 Monkey and Lady 5 Water, Lord 3 Death "Grey Eagle," marries his cousin
  • [15.260] in the Year 5 Flint, on the Day 9 Rabbit.
  • [15.261] She is Lady 3 Serpent "Garland of Cacao Flowers." Her footprints follow her from her parents:
  • [15.262] Lord 8 Eagle "Face-Sun-Celestial Rain" and Lady 11 Rain "Jeweled Hair-Smoking Spiderweb," rulers of Grey Hill of the Water Spiral.
  • [15.263] In the Year 1 Flint, Day 1 Monkey, a son is born to Lord 3 Death and Lady 3 Serpent: Lord 1 Monkey "Rain Face-Sun."
  • [15.264] In the Year 9 Flint, on the Day 2? Eagle,
  • [15.265] at the Hill of the Place of Sand, City of Clouds (Jaltepec) Lord 3 Death "Grey Eagle" battles his uncle, his father-in-law: Lord 8 Eagle "Face-Sun-Celestial Rain." Both hold shield and spear; both stand upon the warpath, [and Lord 3 Death successfully defends his throne].
  • [16.266] The first daughter? of Lord 3 Death and Lady 3 Serpent, Lady 9 Deer "Quetzal Feathers-Flayed Mask" marries Lord 1 Flower "Quetzal" at Hill of the Comal (Comaltepec).
  • [16.267] The second daughter? of Lord 3 Death and Lady 3 Serpent, Lady 8 Lizard "Feathered Serpent," marries Lord 3 Wind "Flint Helmet" at Plain of the Woven Bands-Bent Red Hill.
  • [16.268] Before the Temple of the Cape, Place of Alligator Skin, Lady 9 Deer "Quetzal Feathers-Flayed Mask" is enthroned. Her footprints follow her from her marriage scene.
  • [16.269] In the Year 3 Flint, on the Day 9 Wind,
  • [16.270] Lord 3 Death dies and is wrapped into a mortuary bundle.
  • [16.271] His son, Lord 1 Monkey "Rain Face-Sun,"
  • [16.272] in the Year 6 Reed, on the Day 4 Alligator, marries
  • [16.273] Lady 7 Water "Sun-Quetzal Plumes." The bride has traveled from her parents:
  • [16.274] Lord 4 Flower "Eagle-Quetzal" and Lady 7 Vulture "Striped Ornament-Quetzal," rulers of Black Town (Tilantongo).
  • [16.275] In the Year 8 House, on the Day 5 Serpent,
  • [16.276] before the Hill of the Place of Sand, City of Clouds (Jaltepec), Lord 1 Monkey "Rain Face-Sun" battles against his grandfather-in-law, Lord 3 Monkey "Fiery Jaguar." Both hold weapon and shield; both stand upon the warpath.
  • [16.277] In the Year 10 Reed, on the Day 4 Serpent, the son of Lord 1 Monkey and Lady 7 Water Lord 4 Serpent  "Eagle-Quetzal, Yawi-Sun" is born.
  • [16.278] At the Hill of the Quetzal, Lord 1 Monkey "Rain Face-Sun" marries a second wife, Lady 10? Motion "Striped Ornament-Sun." Her footprints follow her from her parents:
  • [16.279] Lord 1 Reed and Lady 1 Death, rulers of Red and White Bundle (Hua Chino?).
  • [17.280] In the Year 10 House, on the Day 7 Motion,
  • [17.281] Lady 7 Water "Sun-Quetzals Plumes" dies.
  • [17.282] Her husband, Lord 1 Monkey "Rain Face-Sun," dies in the Year 13 Flint, Day 8 Deer.
  • [17.283] At the Hill of the Place of the Chayotes,
  • [17.284] River of the Mouth,
  • [17.285] in the Year 4 Reed, on the Day 9 Flower,
  • [17.286] the first son of the Lord 1 Monkey and Lady 7 Water, Lord 4 Serpent "Eagle-Quetzal" takes as his prisoner Lord 9 Flint "Alligator," holding club and shield. Both hold weapon and shield; both stand upon the warpath before the Bloody Hill of the Bird.
  • [17.287] Victorious, Lord 4 Serpent "Eagle-Quetzal, Yawi-Sun, Bloody Talons" marries
  • [17.288] Lady 5 Monkey "Hands that Open the Hill of Maize." The bride has traveled from her parents:
  • [17.289] Lord 10 Rain "Rain Face-Sun" and Lady 5 Wind "Garland of Cacao Flowers," rulers of Black Town (Tilantongo).
  • [17.290] Lord 4 Serpent and Lady 5 Monkey have five children. In the Year 1 House, on the Day 1 Deer,
  • [17.291] Lady 1 Deer "Feathered Serpent-Flowered Pectoral" is born.
  • [17.292] She marries Lord 3 Deer "Ñuhu diving into a Jewel"
  • [17.293] at Plain of the Woven Bands-Bent Red Hill.
  • [17.294] In the Year 2 Rabbit, on the Day 4 Reed, Lord 4 Reed "Jawbone Mask-Sun" is born.
  • [17.295] His brother is born in the Year 3 Reed, on the Day 2 Vulture. He is Lord 2 Vulture" Yawi-Sun."  He marries Lady 13 House "Jaguar Flower." They become rulers of the Place of Flames (Achiutla).
  • [17.296] Footprints follow the bride from her parents: Lord 8 Grass "Rain-Sun" and Lady 1 Serpent "Jewel-Quetzal Plumes," rulers of the Clearly Visible Temple (Tlaxiaco).
  • [18.297] In the Year 4 Flint, on the Day 12 Vulture,
  • [18.298] the third child of Lady 5 Monkey and Lord 4 Serpent is born: Lady 12 Vulture "Striped Ornament-Sun."   She marries her uncle
  • [18.299] Lord 4 Deer "Clearly Seen Eagle." They are seated as rulers of Black Town (Tilantongo).
  • [18.300] In the Year 5 House, on the Day 11 Monkey,
  • [18.301] a second son is born to Lord 4 Serpent and Lady 5 Monkey: Lord 11 Monkey "Rain-Sun."  He marries Lady 13 Death "Ñuhu Arising from the Plain." They are seated as rulers at the Place of the Chayote.
  • [18.302] The final child of Lord 4 Serpent and Lady 5 Monkey, Lady 8 Reed "Ñuhu Arising from a Jewel" is born. She marries Lord 5 Serpent "Radiant Eagle." They are seated as rulers at the Place of the Beans.
  • [18.303] The first son of Lady 5 Monkey and Lord 4 Serpent, Lord 4 Reed "Jawbone Mask-Sun,"
  • [18.304] in the Year 10 Reed, Day 3 Serpent,  marries
  • [18.305] Lady 2 Motion "Ñuhu-Butterfly." Her footprints follow her from her parents:
  • [18.306] Lord 2 Flint "Rain Face-Sun" and Lady 5 Wind "Garland of Cacao Flowers" rulers of the Hill of Comal (Comaltepec).
  • [18.307] In the Year 3 House, on the Day 1 Jaguar, Lord 4 Reed dies and is wrapped in a mortuary bundle.
  • [18.308] Lord 11 Jaguar "Blood Drinker" marries Lord 4 Reed's widow,
  • [18.309] Lady 2 Motion "Ñuhu-Butterfly."
  • [18.310] The groom's  footprints follow him from his parents: Lord 10 Deer "Grey Eagle-Red Flowers" and Lady 7 Flint "Jewel-Spiderweb," rulers of the Flowered Stone of the Monkey.
  • [18.311] Lady 2 Motion "Ñuhu-Butterfly" and Lord 11 Jaguar "Blood Drinker" are seated as rulers of Hill of the Comal (the widow–bride’s place of origin).
  • [18.312] [The foundation of the last dynasty of Jaltepec] As was seen below, Lady 12 Vulture "Striped Ornament-Sun" and Lord 4 Deer "Clearly Seen Eagle" are seated as rulers at  Black Town (Tilantongo).
  • [19.313] [They have a son, Lord 13 Grass "Yawi"]. In the Year 10 Flint, on the Day 1 Alligator,
  • [19.314] Lord 13 Grass "Yawi"  meets with his maternal grandparents:
  • [19.315] Lord 4 Serpent "Eagle-Quetzal, Yawi-Sun, Bloody Talons" and
  • [19.316] Lady 5 Monkey "Hands that Open the Hill of Maize"
  • [19.317] at Hill of the Place of Sand, City of Clouds (Jaltepec).
  • [19.318] In the Year 12 Rabbit, on the Day 2 House,
  • [19.319] Lady 5 Monkey dies and is wrapped as a mortuary bundle.
  • [19.320] In the Year 1 Flint, on the Day 1 Motion, her husband dies: Lord 4 Serpent "Eagle-Quetzal, Yawi–Sun, Bloody Talons."
  • [19.321] Their grandson, Lord 13 Grass "Eye-Torch, Yawi" marries his cousin,
  • [19.322] Lady 2 Jaguar "Red Feathers-Jewel"
  • [19.323] in the Year 4 Reed, on the Day 3 Rain. The bride’s footprints follow her from her parents: Lord 2 Vulture "Yawi-Sun" and Lady 13 House "Jaguar Flower," rulers of the Place of Flames (Achiutla).
  • [19.324] Six children are born to Lord 13 Grass and Lady 2 Jaguar. In the Year 8 Reed, on the Day 10 Grass,
  • [19.325] Lord 10 Grass "Jaguar-Smoking Earth Monster" is born.
  • [19.326] In the next year, Year 9 Flint,  Day 8 Flint, his sister is born:
  • [19.327] Lady 8 Flint "Enclosure at the Foot of Venus."  She marries Lord 8 Motion "Place of the Rain" at the Platform of White Flowers (Suchixtlan).
  • [19.328] In the Year 10 House, on the Day 11 Monkey,
  • [19.329] a second son is born to Lord 13 Grass and Lady 2 Jaguar: Lord 11 Monkey "Eagle."  He marries
  • [19.330] Lady 10? Death "Ñuhu Arising from the Plain."
  • [19.331] They are rulers of Dark Hill.
  • [19.332] In the following year, on Year 11 Rabbit, Day 5 Flint, a third son is born to Lord 13 Grass and Lady 2 Jaguar: Lord 5 Flint "Rain-Sun."  He marries
  • [19.333] Lady 9 Water "Garland of Cacao Flowers."
  • [19.334] They rule at Grey Hill of the Water Spiral.
  • [20.335] Here is the mortuary bundle of Lord 12 Death "Eagle-Quetzal."
  • [20.336] In the Year 3 Reed, the fifth child of Lord 13 Grass and Lady 2 Jaguar, Lady 10 Alligator "Serpent Quechquemitl," marries Lord 5 Jaguar "Bloody Jaguar" at Smoking Place, Plain of Water Gourds.
  • [20.337] In the Year 9 House, on the Day 10 Wind, Lord 13 Grass "Eye-Torch, Yawi" dies, as does his wife,
  • [20.338] Lady 5 [2] Jaguar "Garland of Cacao Flowers." Both are wrapped as mortuary bundles.
  • [20.339] In the Year 6 Rabbit, on the Day 7 Alligator, the sixth child of Lord 13 Grass and Lady 2 Jaguar, Lord 7 Alligator "Knot-Serpent Skull Headdress," is born.  
  • [20.340] In the Year 11 Flint, on the Day 1 Death, he marries
  • [20.341] Lady 7 Flint.  They rule at
  • [20.342] Bloody Hill of the Bird, Temple Platform of the Claw.
  • [20.343] In the Year 1 Rabbit, on the Day 1 Reed,
  • [20.344] at the Hill of the Place of Sand, City of Clouds (Jaltepec), the first-born son of Lord 13 Grass and Lady 2 Jaguar, Lord 10 Grass "Jaguar-Smoking Earth Monster" marries Lady 10 Serpent "Enclosure-Flowers." Her footprints follow her, leading back to her parents:
  • [20.345] Lord 4 Wind "Yawi" and Lady 6 House "Jewel-Sun," rulers of Bloody Hill of the Bird, Temple Platform of the Claw.
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